Goldfish were originally evolved from wild crucian carp and have since become one of the most popular ornamental fish for home aquariums and feng shui decoration. Despite their strong vitality and ease of care, many goldfish die prematurely due to improper care. To raise healthy, long-living goldfish, it’s crucial to understand the correct methods of goldfish care.
1. Water Conditioning
There’s a saying: “Raise the water before you raise the fish.” This principle is especially important when keeping goldfish. One key method is called “aged water” or “rested water,” which helps remove residual chlorine from tap water.
To age water, simply fill a container with tap water and let it sit for at least 24 hours to allow the chlorine to naturally evaporate. However, do not exceed 72 hours, as airborne bacteria may start to contaminate the water over time.
2. Stocking Density
There’s no absolute rule for goldfish stocking density, as modern equipment like filtration systems, air pumps, heaters, and lighting greatly improve tank conditions. Still, here are some general guidelines:
2.5 liters of water per 2 cm goldfish
5 liters of water per 5 cm goldfish
15 liters of water per 8 cm goldfish
These are recommended estimates, not strict rules, and actual conditions may vary depending on your setup.
3. Water Temperature
Water temperature has a direct effect on a goldfish’s metabolism and health. The ideal temperature range for goldfish is 20°C to 24°C (68°F to 75°F). Sudden changes in temperature can cause stress or illness.
When performing a water change, make sure the new water temperature differs by no more than 2°C from the old water.
In winter, the new water should be 1–2°C warmer than the existing water.
In summer, it’s best if the new water is 1–2°C cooler.
4. Lighting
Lighting is often overlooked, but proper light exposure is essential. It stimulates the thyroid gland, aids in growth and development, and helps maintain goldfish vitality.
Keeping goldfish in constant darkness without sunlight or artificial lighting may cause lethargy, poor appetite, hormonal imbalance, and stunted growth.
5. Feeding
Feeding is another key aspect of goldfish care. Goldfish should be fed small amounts—less is better than more—to avoid overfeeding, which can foul the water.
Use a variety of high-quality fish foods rather than sticking to just one type. Always remove uneaten food immediately after feeding to prevent it from decaying and polluting the water.
Conclusion
Goldfish may be hardy, but they still require proper care and attention to thrive. By following these tips—conditioning the water, managing tank density, maintaining proper temperature and lighting, and feeding correctly—you can ensure a healthy and vibrant life for your goldfish.
